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Spreading the Disease
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Spreading the Disease
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Diseases/Deformities of the Foot by Nutt, 2nd ed 1925
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Killer Germs Rogue Diseases Of The Twenty-first Century Pete Moore BSc PhD 2001
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The Cure for All Diseases
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The Cure for All Diseases: With Many Case Histories
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Disease and Its Causes
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Disease and Its Causes
This book was converted from its physical edition to the digital format by a community of volunteers. You may find it for free on the web. Purchase of the Kindle edition includes wireless delivery.This book was converted from its physical edition to the digital format by a community of volunteers. You may find it for free on the web. Purchase of the Kindle edition includes wireless delivery.
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Symphogen Names New Chief Scientific/Medical and Business Officers
COPENHAGEN, Denmark–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Symphogen, a private biopharmaceutical company developing superior antibody therapeutics (monoclonal, monoclonal mixtures and polyclonal) to treat cancer, infectious and autoimmune diseases, announced today the completion of its senior management team with the addition of a new Chief Scientific/Medical Officer, Ivan D. Horak, M.D., FACP and a new Chief …
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In the second half of the twentieth century, the main danger to public health and public health problem had came from non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular system, which currently are the leading cause of morbidity, disability and mortality of the adult population. There has been a “rejuvenation” of these diseases. They began to spread among the population in developing countries.
alcohol treatment
heart disease diet
online classes
blood pressures
papillary muscle
In most economically developed countries, diseases of the circulatory system ranked first among causes of disease morbidity and mortality, although their prevalence in different regions varies considerably. In Europe two third of all deaths each year are from cardiovascular diseases and cancer and are even higher in the U.S. These amounts accounts for half of all deaths actually it is 2.5 times more than all cancers combined, while one quarter of deaths are from cardiovascular disease comprising of people under the age of 65 years.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system are numerous. Some of them are predominantly diseases of the heart, while others – mainly the arteries (atherosclerosis) or veins, and others hit the cardiovascular system as a whole (hypertension). Diseases of the cardiovascular system may be caused by congenital defects, trauma, inflammation, and others. Congenital defects in the structure of the heart and large vessels often referred to as congenital heart disease.
There are also diseases of the cardiovascular system, an underlying inflammatory process. Occasionally, thisinflammation is bacterial. This means that the inner membrane of the heart valves or the outer membranes of heart, bacteria replicate and thus causing purulent inflammation of the heart.
The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels with a filling of liquid tissue – blood. Blood vessels are divided into arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins. Arteries carry blood from the heart to the tissues, they treelike branching into smaller and smaller vessels and are transformed into arterioles, which are split into a system of very thin vessels, capillaries. From the capillaries begin small veins, they merge together and become stronger. Cardiovascular system to deliver blood necessary to perform its transport functions – delivery to the tissues of nutrients and oxygen and removing metabolic products and carbon dioxide. In the center of the circulatory system is heart of it originates large and small circulation.
Systemic circulation begins large artery-aorta. It divides the large number of medium-sized arteries, and these – for thousands of small arteries. The latter in turn split into many capillaries. The wall of the capillaries has a high permeability, allowing the exchange of substances between blood and tissues: nutritional, and oxygen pass through the wall of capillaries in tissue fluid and then into the cells, in turn, give the cells in the tissue fluid carbon dioxide and other metabolic products that come in the capillaries.
Arteries are elastic tubes of different calibers. The wall consists of three layers – outer, middle and inner. The outer shell is formed by connective tissue; the average – muscle – is composed of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers. Smooth inner shell lines the vessel from the inside and covered by its lumen flat cells (endothelium). Due to the endothelium provides unobstructed blood flow and is supported by its liquid state. Blockage or narrowing of the arteries leads to severe disorders of blood circulation.
Veins have the same structure with the arteries, but their walls are much thinner than arteries, may subside. In the lower part of body the veins muscular because these had to overcome the force of gravity and have to take the blood against the gravity. The inner shell of veins forms folds in the form of pockets – valves, which are arranged in pairs at regular intervals and prevent the back flow of blood.
Heart – the hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity behind the breastbone. Most of the heart (about 2 / 3) is on the left side of chest, a smaller (approximately 1 / 3) – in the right. An adult male, weight of the heart is an average of 332g, and in the woman – 254g. Heart pumps about 4.5 liters of blood in 1 minute.
The wall of the heart consists of three layers. Inner layer – endocardium – lines the cavity of the heart from the inside, and its offshoots form the heart valves. Endocardium consists of smooth flattened endothelial cells. The middle layer – the myocardium – is formed by a special cardiac striated muscle tissue. The outer layer, epicardium – covers the outer surface of the heart and the nearest parts of the aorta, pulmonary trunk and hollow veins.
Atrio-ventricular valves close the holes that have wing structure. Valve between the left atrium and ventricle are bicuspid, or mitral, and the right side tricuspid. The edges of the valve leaflets tendon strands are connected to the papillary muscles. Around holes pulmonary trunk and aortic valves are semi lunar. Each of them has the three pockets that open in the direction of blood flow in these vessels. When reducing the pressure in the ventricles of the heart, they are filled with blood, their edges are closed by closing the lumens of the aorta and pulmonary trunk and preventing the penetration of the inverse of blood to the heart. Sometimes the heart valves, damaged in some diseases (rheumatism, atherosclerosis), can not be tightly closed, heart broken, there are heart defects.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Atherosclerosis
The bases of many lesions of the cardiovascular system are atherosclerosis. The term derives from the Greek words athere – wheat paste and sclerosis – a firm and reflects the essence of the process: deposition of fat in the arterial wall masses who buy into the subsequent form slurry, and the development of connective tissue with subsequent thickening and deformation of the arterial wall. Ultimately, this leads to a narrowing of the lumen of the arteries and reduce their elasticity, which makes the flow of blood on them.
Atherosclerosis – a chronic disease of the arteries of large and medium-sized, characterized by the deposition and accumulation of plasma atherogenic apoprotein-B-containing lipoproteins, followed by a reactive growth of connective tissue and the formation of plaque. Atherosclerosis in the first place usually affects the large arteries: aorta, coronary arteries, the arteries supplying the brain (internal carotid artery). When atherosclerosisnarrows the lumen of the artery, increasing the density of the arterial wall, decreasing its tensile strength, in some cases the stretching of aneurismal wall of the artery.
Found that many external and internal, including hereditary factors are responsible for the development ofatherosclerosis or adversely affect its course. One reason for the disparity in atherosclerosis consider the content of various classes of lipoproteins in blood plasma, some of which contribute to the transport of cholesterol in the vascular wall, i.e. are atherogenic, others impede this process. Occurrence of similar violations and the development of atherosclerosis contribute to long-term consumption of foods containing an excess of animal fats that are rich in cholesterol. Factor of excess fat consumption is particularly is easy to implement when there is insufficient development of liver enzymes that deplete cholesterol. Meaning, those with high activity of these enzymes do not develop atherosclerosis, even in long-term consumption of food containing large amounts of animal fats.
Description of over 200 contributory factor to atherosclerosis, or adversely affect its course, but most important are hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity and smoking, which applies to most risk factors foratherosclerosis. According to a survey atherosclerosis significantly is more common among patients with hypertension than in those with normal blood pressure.
The earliest manifestations of atherosclerosis, lipid stains, or lipid strips, often found during childhood. This flat spots yellowish, of various sizes, which are located underneath the inner membrane of the aorta, most often in her thoracic region. Yellowish spots attached cholesterol contained in them. Over time, some lipid spots dissolve, while others, in contrast, grow, occupying an increasing area, gradually transformed into a flat spot protruding into the lumen of the artery cholesterol plaques. Later germinating plaque is compacted into connective tissue, often in delayed calcium salts. Growing plaque starts to narrow the artery and sometimes completely close it. Vessels supplying it to the ground, injured, and plaque can rupture with the formation of hemorrhage, which lifts the plaque, increasing the narrowing of the artery until complete closure. Insufficient blood supply to the plaque itself often leads to the fact that its contents are partly necrotizing forming a mushy detritus. Platelets in blood are unable to stick to intact vascular wall and are deposited in an area devoid of endothelium, giving rise to the development of thrombus.
Widespread and significant expression of aortic atherosclerosis may be the cause of its aneurysm, which is manifested symptoms of compression of the adjacent to the aortic bodies. The most dangerous complications of an aortic aneurysm is its delamination and rupture.
The basis for the prevention of atherosclerosis is a rational way of life: work and rest, reducing the likelihood of mental overstrain, with the exception inactivity, classes’ recreational physical activity, and stopping smoking and drinking. Of great importance is nutrition: stability of normal body weight, elimination of excessive amounts of food of animal fats and replacing them with vegetable fats, enough content in the diet of vitamins, especially vitamin C intake of sweets. Important in the prevention of atherosclerosis is early detection of hypertension and diabetes, predisposing to the development of vascular lesions, and their systematic carefully controlled treatment.
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction– an acute disease of the heart caused by the development of one or more foci of necrosis in cardiac muscle and is manifested cardiac activity, observed more often in men aged between 40 to 60 years. Usually occurs as a result of coronary heart arteries with atherosclerosis, when there is a narrowing of their lumen. Often, this blockage of blood vessels joined in his area of destruction, resulting in blood in whole or in part ceases to flow to the appropriate section of the heart muscle, and it formed foci of necrosis (necrosis). In 20% of all cases of myocardial infarction is fatal, and in 60-70% – in the first 2 hours.
In most cases, myocardial infarction is preceded by a sharp physical or mental strain. Most often it develops during exacerbation of ischemic heart disease during this period, called pre-infarction, frequent angina, become less effective action of nitroglycerin. It can last from several days to several weeks.
The main manifestation of myocardial infarction – a long bout of intense pain in my chest burning, pressing, less tearing, burning nature, which does not disappear after re-taking nitroglycerin. Attack lasts more than an hour (sometimes several hours), accompanied by severe weakness, feeling the fear of death, as well as shortness of breath and other signs of disorders of the heart.
In most cases, myocardial infarction accompanied by characteristic changes in the electrocardiogram, which can be delayed, appearing occasionally in a few hours or even days after decrease in pain intensity.
If you experience a sharp pain behind the breastbone, not disappearing after administration of nitroglycerin, an urgent need to call an ambulance is required. Based on careful examination of the patient, including electrocardiography, it is possible to recognize the disease. Before the arrival of the doctor to the patient and provide the maximum physical and mental rest: it should be laid, as far as possible to allay. When you are choking or shortness of breath the patient must give Half-upright position in bed. Although myocardial infarction nitroglycerin does not completely eliminate the pain, re-use it as appropriate and necessary. Bring noticeable relief and distraction tools: mustard on the heart and sternum, warmer to the feet, warm hands.
With the preventive point of view it is important that any sudden acute cardiovascular weakness, especially the attack of cardiac asthma in elderly and senile, should primarily cause health professional thought on the development of pain of myocardial infarction.
There is a sudden abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distention, and sometimes paresis of the intestine. This version of myocardial infarction is most difficult to diagnose. Localization of pain in the abdomen may lead to erroneous diagnosis of acute abdomen. Known case of mistaken gastric lavage is observed in these patients.
Sometimes myocardial infarction is clinically apparent only in cardiac rhythm disturbances.
During myocardial infarction identify the following periods:
Pre-infarction
Acute (7-10 days)
Sub-acute (up to 3 weeks);
Recovery (4-7 weeks)
During subsequent rehabilitation (2,5-4 months);
Post-infarction.
Myocardial infarction is found in lot of complications. Among the early complications of myocardial most important are the various forms of shock (collapse), often as heart failure, severe cardiac arrhythmias, external and internal ruptures of the heart muscle.
Patients with acute illness are in need of constant supervision of staff. During the first episode it is often followed by repeated, more severe. The disease may be complicated by acute heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, etc.
Care and treatment of myocardial infarction
All recommendations, including diet and regime, gives a doctor. If the treatment is carried out at home, caring for sick relatives exercise under medical supervision.
Nutrition fractional and varied, but in the first days of illness is better to eat less, preferring the less high-calorie foods, preferably fruit and vegetable purees. Food that causes flatulence, such as peas, milk etc, excluded from the diet, because it can raise the diaphragm and presses the heart. Fatty meals smoked and salted foods, all types of alcoholic beverages are prohibited.
From the first days of treatment with no complications the doctor prescribes individually selected complex physical therapy. Care should be taken to a room where the sick, the air was always fresh.
Rehabilitative therapy aimed at preparing the patient with myocardial infarction to an active lifestyle, starting from the first days of treatment. It is conducted under the direction and supervision of a physician.
Day regime should be strictly regulated. Paste and go to bed every day is better at one time. Sleep duration of at least 7 hours. Nutrition should be a four-time, diverse, rich in vitamins and limited in calories (less than 2500 kcal / day). Stop smoking and alcohol abuse – the necessary conditions for prevention of myocardial infarction.
Cardiac arrhythmia
Cardiac arrhythmia – a variety of abnormalities in the formation or conduct of the excitation pulses to the heart, most often seen in heart rhythm disturbances, or the rate of its contractions. Some arrhythmias are detected only by ECG, and in cases of violations of rhythm or rate of heart contractions are often felt by the patient and detected by auscultation of the heart and probing pulse in the arteries.
Normal, or sinus rhythm of the heart shaped excitation pulses that occur with some frequency in special cells in the right atrium and propagating in the conduction system in the atria and ventricles of the heart. The emergence of cardiac arrhythmia can be caused by the formation of the excitation pulses outside the sinus node, their circulation or abnormal slowing of conduction along the conducting system of the heart due to congenital abnormalities of development, or in connection with disorders of the nervous regulation of the activity or heart disease.
Cardiac arrhythmia varied in its manifestations, and vary in clinical significance. Major cardiac arrhythmias are premature beats, paroxysmal tachycardia, bradycardia with heart block and atrial fibrillation. The latter, in most cases associated with heart disease, often observed in some rheumatic heart disease.
Manifested atrial fibrillation full spasmodic heart rate, often combined with their increased frequency. It can be permanent and paroxysmal in nature, with paroxysms of arrhythmia, sometimes for several years preceding its permanent form.
In elderly and senile cardiac arrhythmias commonly occur on the background cardiosclerosis, but their origins are often involved ischemic myocardium dystrophy. Organic changes in the myocardium most contribute to the emergence of arrhythmia of the heart, when they are localized in the sinus node and conducting system. Cause cardiac arrhythmias may also be congenital anomalies of these structures.
In pathogenised arrhythmia large role is played by changes in the ratio of the contents of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in myocardial cells and the extra cellular environment.
Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease – acute and chronic heart failure caused by a decrease or cessation of delivery of blood to the myocardium due to atherosclerotic process in coronary arteries. The term was proposed in 1957. The WHO team. In most cases the reason for this is the dramatic narrowing of one or several branches of the coronary arteries feeding the heart, due to lesions of atherosclerosis. Restriction of blood flow to the myocardium reduces the delivery to him of oxygen, nutrients, and removal of waste products of metabolism, toxins.
Depending on the combination of several factors manifestations of coronary heart disease may be different. Its first manifestation may be sudden death or myocardial infarction, angina, heart failure, heart rhythm disturbances. Often, this disease affects young people (aged 30-40 years), active lifestyles, are leading to huge moral and economic losses. The annual mortality rate from coronary heart disease varies from 5, 4 to 11.3%, depending on the number of diseased arteries and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
Coronary heart disease can occur in both acute and chronic. Wide dissemination of the disease in most people of working age has transformed coronary heart disease into important social and medical problem. Increased the incidence of coronary heart disease is attributed, primarily, with a decrease in physical activity, family history, obesity and other risk factors. Prevalence of coronary heart disease is higher among people who are inherent in the constant striving for success in all areas; long-term overload operation. Such complex features are sometimes called “coronary personality profile.”
During a prolonged period of illness, it is characterized by exacerbation, interspersed with periods of relative prosperity, when the disease may not manifest itself subjectively. Initial signs of coronary artery disease – angina occurring during exercise. In what can bind with attacks occurring at rest. Paroxysmal pain is localized in the upper or middle part of the sternum or retrosternal area on the left edge of the sternum. By the nature of pain is a pressing, rending, or nagging, less stitching.
In the diagnosis of coronary heart disease are widely used electrocardiographic methods. ECG is usually recorded in 12 leads at rest once or repeatedly.
Therapy in coronary heart disease aims at restoring the lost balance between the inflows of blood to the heart muscle. Significant role in the prevention of coronary heart disease is diet. Its basic principles: limiting the total amount and caloric intake, allowing to keep a healthy body weight, a significant restriction of animal fats and carbohydrate, excluding alcoholic beverages, food fortification with vegetable oils and vitamins C and Group B. In moderate physical activity is recommended to eat four times a day at regular intervals, with a calorie daily diet within 2500 kcal. In the diet should include foods containing large amounts of valuable protein, raw vegetables, fruits and berries.
Hypertensive heart disease
Hypertensive heart disease is a disease of the cardiovascular system, characterized by continuous or periodic high blood pressure. Unlike other forms of hypertension, this increase is not the result of another illness.
It is the most common disease in the world, effecting all sorts and races of people. In the United States in the 70′s it was about 60 million people with high blood pressure and only ¼ of the adult population registered with an “ideal” blood pressure. Cause of hypertension is not disclosed until the end. But the basic mechanisms leading to stable high blood pressure are known. Leading one among them is the nervous mechanism. Its primary link – the emotions, spiritual experiences, accompanied with healthy people different reactions, including high blood pressure.
To prevent further development of hypertension, reduce tension; relieve accumulated “charge” of emotions. This discharge is most naturally occurs in conditions of increased physical activity.
The steady progression of hypertensive disease can be halted and even reversed in a timely treatment. Medicine offers a variety of tools that enhance the excretion of renal salt excretion. Therefore, patients with hypertensive disease are often prescribed diuretics.
Reliably known that the plump man, who suffers from hypertension, is sometimes enough to get rid of excess body weight to blood pressure returned to normal without medication. Indeed with the disappearance of fat eliminated as unnecessary an extensive network of tiny blood vessels that developed in this tissue as it grows. In other words, fat deposits are forcing the heart muscle to work under high pressure in the system of blood vessels.
Thus, each person can own to prevent the development of hypertension, without resorting to drugs. This is proved by observations of large groups of patients; strictly implement the recommendations regarding physical activity, nutrition, low calorie and loss of salt in food. One-year observation period showed that most people have returned to normal blood pressure, decreased body weight, and eliminated the need for antihypertensive drugs.
Hypertensive heart disease is not one of the incurable. Arsenal of modern medicine is adequate to maintain blood pressure at the required level, and thereby inhibit the progression of the disease.
Measures for the prevention of hypertension coincide with the recommendations for patients. They are particularly necessary for people with a hereditary predisposition to the disease.
Risk factors for cardiovascular system
Smoking
Tobacco contains the alkaloid nicotine. Nicotine raises blood pressure, constricts the small blood vessels, speeds up breathing. Inhalation of smoke containing combustion products of tobacco reduces the oxygen content in arterial blood.
In the second half of the twentieth century, cigarette smoking has become a common habit. Observation period of 6 years for deaths of 45 men 49 years of age showed that overall mortality regular smokers was 2.7 times higher than non-smokers. According to American scientists in the United States, cigarette smoking contributes annually 325 thousand premature deaths.
In one study, we show that the average number of cases of cardiovascular disease per year per 1000 people aged 45-54 years for nonsmokers equals 8.1, with smoked per day to 20 cigarettes – 11.2, while smoking more than 20 Cigarettes – 16.2, i.e. twice that of nonsmokers.
Nicotine and carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide), apparently, are the main damaging factors. Cigarette smoke contains up to 26% carbon monoxide, moving into bloodstream and binds to hemoglobin (the main carrier of oxygen), thereby breaking the ability to transport oxygen to tissues.
Harm of smoking is so high that in recent years introduced measures against smoking: banned sale of tobacco products to children, smoking in public places and transport, etc.
Psychological factors
This factor has always attached, and has great importance to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Over the past few years have been particularly thorough study of human behavior. Was isolated type of behavior (type A *)
“Type A” behavior is an emotional driving range seen in humans involved in endless attempts to do more for less and less time. These people often appear elements of “freely express” hostility; easily occur at the slightest provocation. In individuals with behavioral features of type “A” has marked symptoms. These people are often simultaneously performing several tasks (reading while shaving, eating, etc.), during the conversation, they also think about other matters, not just paying attention to the interlocutor. They quickly go and eat. To convince these people to change their lifestyle, it is difficult for several reasons:
They are generally proud of their behavior and believe that success in work and society, which they achieved, is associated with this type of behavior.
Persons with the behavior of type A *, are generally pragmatic, and it is difficult to understand how their behavior can lead to heart disease.
In most cases, this energetic, hard working people that bring great benefit to society. And the challenge is to convince them to acquire such habits that will counteract the adverse effect of the characteristics of their behavior on health.
Overweight
In most economically developed countries, overweight has become widespread and poses a serious public health problem. The reason for this, in most cases seen in the discrepancy between the arrival of a large number of food calories and low power consumption due to sedentary lifestyles. The prevalence of overweight, being minimal at 20-29-year-olds (7.8%), with age has steadily increased to 11%, 30-39-year-olds. While over 40-49-year-olds it increases up to 25.7% – to 50-59-year-olds.
The link between overweight and risk of cardio-vascular system is quite complicated, since, is an independent risk factor.
Overweight attracted much attention from the fact that it is amenable to correction without using any drugs. Definition of normal body weight, because for these purposes are no uniform criteria.
Reducing excess body weight and maintain it at a normal level, the challenge is difficult. Controlling your body weight, it is necessary to monitor the quantity and composition of your food and physical activity, diet should be balanced, but the food must be low calorie.
Elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood
Cholesterol circulates in the blood in the form of a dense form of lipoprotein. A certain level of cholesterol in the blood is maintained by the cholesterol coming from the food, and its synthesis in the body. Evolved in practice the boundary of the normal blood cholesterol level is conditional. Considered normal blood levels of cholesterol is 6.72 mmol / l (260 mg). Lower levels of blood cholesterol, 5.17 mmol / l (200 mg) and below – are less dangerous.
Quite often the elevated levels of cholesterol are present blood. Blood cholesterol level 6.72 mmol / l (260 mg) and higher in men between age of 40-59 is found in 25.9% of cases.
Rapid change in the twentieth century lifestyle associated with industrialization, urbanization and mechanization, largely contributed to the illness of the cardiovascular system have become a mass phenomenon among the population of economically developed countries.
Modern principles of prevention of cardiovascular disease are based on the anti-risk factors. All over the world prevention programs have shown that it is possible to reduce the mortality from cardiovascular diseases observed in recent years in some countries, the best proof. It should be emphasized that some of these risk factors are common to a number of diseases.
Major lifestyle habits are laid in childhood and adolescence, so it becomes especially important to teach children healthy lifestyles to prevent them from developing habits that are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (smoking, overeating, etc.).
In which Hank celebrates the passage of health care reform by discussing the weridest diseases he could discover. And there are some WEIRD ones/
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Professional Guide to Diseases
Professional Guide to Diseases, Ninth Edition, contains full clinical coverage of more than 600 disorders. This complete, yet concise reference presents comprehensive disease information ranging from causes, signs and symptoms, and diagnosis through treatment and special considerations. Helpful tips and charts, anatomic drawings, and other illustrations supplement the text. New sections on complications and prevention have been added to diseases entries where appropriate.
NEW Cryptosporidium: From Molecules to Disease - R. C.
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Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease.
I. Causes of Heart Diseases
There are many causes of heart diseases. Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage or anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease.
II Symptoms of Heart diseases
Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. There are many causes of heart disease. Anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease. Here are some early indication of heart disease symptoms:
1. Leg cramps during walking
Leg cramps during exercise might be caused by dehydration. It is important to drink a lot of fluid during exercise. Leg cramps occur when the muscle suddenly and forcefully contracts. The most common muscles to contract in this manner are muscles that cross two joints. Leg cramps during walking might be an indication of heart disease caused by arteries in your leg being clogged up by cholesterol in result of not enough oxygen being delivered to the cells in your leg. If this symptom persists, please consult with your doctor.
2. Chest pain
Chest pain is caused by blood vessels in the heart temporarily being blocked up. It is also caused by inadequate oxygen supply to the heart muscle or coronary . The persistence of chest pain would be an early indication of heart diseases.
3. Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is the major symptom of the left ventricular insufficiency. People with shortness of breath are four times more likely to die from a heart disease related cause than individuals without any symptoms.
4. Headaches
People see sparkling zigzag lines or loss of vision before a migraine attack may be at particular risk of future cardiovascular problems. Generally headaches do not cause heart diseases but a sudden, explosive onset of great pain might be.
5. Dizziness
Dizziness can have many causes including low blood count, low iron in the blood stream and other blood disorders, dehydration, and viral illnesses. Since there are many different conditions that can produce these symptoms, anybody experiencing episodes of severe headaches or dizziness ought to be checked by your doctor.
6. Palpitations
Palpitations is an extremely common symptom of heart disease. Palpitations are skips in the heart beats and irregular heart beats.
7. Loss of consciousness
It is a common symptom, most people pass out at least once in their lives. However, sometimes loss of consciousness indicates a dangerous or even life-threatening condition such as heart disease so when loss of consciousness occurs it is important to figure out the cause.
There are many more symptoms such as fatigue, memory defects, and changes in skin tone and temperature.
III. Types of Heart Diseases
The heart is a four chambered, hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.
There are some major types of heart diseases:
1. Type of heart disease affecting heart chambers
As we mention in the previous article, the heart is a four chambered hollow muscle and double acting pump that is located in the chest between the lungs. Heart diseases caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage.
In this article, we will discuss heart disease affecting the heart chambers.
Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as much blood as it should and so the body does not get as much blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.
There are 4 heart chambers as follow:
* The right atrium
* The left atrium
* The right ventricle
* The left ventricle.
Heart diseases affect the heart chambers include:
A. Congestive heart failure
Heart failure is caused by the heart not pumping as much blood as it should and so the body does not get as much blood and oxygen that it needs. The malfunctioning of the heart chambers are due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart.
a) Diastolic dysfunction:
The contraction function is normal but there’s impaired relaxation of the heart, impairing its ability to fill with blood causing the blood returning to the heart to accumulate in the lungs or veins.
b) Systolic dysfunction:
The relaxing function is normal but there’s impaired contraction of the heart causing the heart to not pump out as much blood that is returned to it as it normally does as a result of more blood remaining in the lower chambers of the heart.
B. Pulmonary heart disease
Pulmonary heart disease is caused by an enlarged right ventricle. It is known as heart disease resulting from a lung disorder where the blood flowing into the lungs is slowed or blocked causing increased lung pressure. The right side of the heart has to pump harder to push against the increased pressure and this can lead to enlargement of the right ventricle.
2. Heart Disease affecting heart muscles
In the case of heart diseases affecting heart muscles, the heart muscles are stiff, increasing the amount of pressure required to expand for blood to flow into the heart or the narrowing of the passage as a result of obstructing blood flow out of the heart.
Heart diseases affecting heart muscles include:
1. Cardiomyopathy
Heart muscle becomes inflamed and doesn’t work as well as it should. There may be multiple causes such as high blood pressure, heart valve disease, artery diseases or congenital heart defects.
a) Dilated cardiomyopathy
The heart cavity is enlarged and stretched. Blood flows more slowly through an enlarged heart, causing formation of blood clots as a result of clots sticking to the inner lining of the heart, breaking off the right ventricle into the pulmonary circulation in the lung or being dislodged and carried into the body’s circulation to form emboli .
b) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
The wall between the two ventricles becomes enlarged, obstructing the blood flow from the left ventricle. Sometimes the thickened wall distorts one leaflet of the mitral valve, causing it to leak. The symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting and angina pectoris.
c) Restrictive cardiomyopathy
The ventricles becomes excessively rigid, so it’s harder for the ventricles to fill with blood between heartbeats. The symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy include shortness of breath, swollen hands and feet.
2. Myocarditis Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscles or the weaken of the heart muscles. The symptoms of myocarditis include fever, chest pains, congestive heart failure and palpitation.
3. Heart disease affecting heart valves
Heart diseases affecting heart valves occur when the mitral valve in the heart narrows, causing the heart to work harder to pump blood from the left atrium into the ventricle.
Here are some types of heart disease affecting heart valves:
1. Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Stenosis is a heart valve disorder that involves a narrowing or blockage of the opening of the mitral valve causing the volume and pressure of blood in the left atrium increases.
2. Mitral valves regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation is the heart disease in which your heart’s mitral valve doesn’t close tightly causing the blood to be unable to move through the heart efficiently. Symptoms of mitral valve regurgitation are fatigue and shortness of breath.
3. Mitral valves prolapse
In mitral valve prolapse, one or both leaflets of the valve are too large resulting in uneven closure of the valve during each heartbeat. Symptoms of mitral valves prolapse are palpitation, shortness of breath, dizzy, fatigue and chest pains.
4. Aortic Stenosis
With aging, protein collagen of the valve leaflets are destroyed and calcium is deposited on the leaflets causing scarring, thickening, and stenosis of the valve therefore increasing the wear and tear on the valve leaflets resulting in the symptoms and heart problems of aortic stenosis.
5. Aortic regurgitation
Aortic regurgitation is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle. Symptoms of aortic regurgitation include fatigue or weakness, shortness of breath, chest pain, palpitation and irregular heart beats.
6. Tricuspid stenosis
Tricuspid stenosis is the narrowing of the orifice of the tricuspid valve of the heart causing increased resistance to blood flow through the valve. Symptoms of tricuspid stenosis include fatigue, enlarged liver, abdominal swelling, neck discomfort and leg and ankle swelling.
7. Tricuspid regurgitation.
Tricuspid regurgitation is the failure of the right ventricular causing blood to leak back through the tricuspid valve from the right ventricle into the right atrium of the heart. Symptoms of tricuspid regurgitation include leg and ankle swelling and swelling in the abdomen.
4. Heart disease affecting coronary arteries and coronary veins
Heart disease affecting coronary arteries and coronary veins:
The malfunctioning of the heart may be due to damage caused by narrowed or blocked arteries leading to the muscle of your heart as well as blood backing up in the veins. Types of heart disease that affect the coronary arteries and veins include:
A. Angina pectoris
Angina pectoris occurs when the heart muscle doesn’t get as much blood oxygen as it needs. Here are 3 types of angina pectoris:
a) Stable angina
Stable angina is chest pain or discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress due to oxygen deficiency in the blood muscles and usually follows a predictable pattern. Symptom of stable angina include chest pain, tightness, pressure, indigestion feeling and pain in the upper neck and arm.
b) Unstable angina
Unstable angina is caused by blockage of the blood flow to the heart. Without blood and the oxygen, part of the heart starts to die. Symptoms of unstable angina include pain spread down the left shoulder and arm to the back, jaw, neck, or right arm, discomfort of chest and chest pressure.
c) Variant angina also known as coronary artery spasm
Caused by the narrowing of the coronary arteries. This is caused by the contraction of the smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls. Symptoms of variant angina include increasing of heart rate, pressure and chest pain.
B. Heart attacks known as myocardial infarction or MI
Heart attacks caused by plaque rupture with thrombus formation in a coronary vessel, resulting in an acute reduction of blood supply to a portion of the myocardium. Symptoms of MI include a squeezing sensation of the chest, sweating, nausea and vomiting, upper back pain and arm pain.
C. Heart disease also known as coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease
Caused by arteries hardening and narrowing, cutting off blood flow to the heart muscle and resulting in heart attack. Symptoms of heart disease include shortness of breath, chest pains on exertion, palpitation, dizziness and fainting.
D. Atherosclerosis or hardening of arteries
Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and to other parts of your body. Atherosclerosis is caused by plaques that rupture in result of blood clots that block blood flow or break off and travel to another part of the body. Atherosclerosis has no symptom or warning sign.
E. Silent ischemia.
Ischemia is a condition in which the blood flow is restricted to a part of the body caused by narrowing of heart arteries. Silent ischemia means people have ischemia without pain. There is also no warning sign before heart attack.
5. Heart disease affecting heart lining
Rheumatic heart disease results from inflammation of the heart lining when too much fluid builds up in the lungs leading to pulmonary congestion. It is due to failure of the heart to remove fluid from the lung circulation resulting in shortness of breath, coughing up blood, pale skin and excessive sweating. Heart disease resulting from inflammation of either the endocardium or pericardium is called heart disease affecting heart lining.
Endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. It consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. Pericardium is the fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart and the proximal ends of the aorta, vena vava and the pulmonary artery.
1. Endocarditis
Endocarditis, which is an inflammation of the endocardium is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling on the inside of the heart, usually on the heart valves that consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. It is the most common heart disease in people who have a damaged, diseased, or artificial heart valve. Symptoms of endocarditis include fever, chilling, fatigue, aching joint muscles, night sweats, shortness of breath, change in temperature and a persistent cough.
2. Pericardium
Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium. It is caused by infection of the pericardium which is the thin, tough bag-like membrane surrounding the heart. The pericardium also prevents the heart from over expanding when blood volume increases. Symptoms of pericarditis include chest pain, mild fever, weakness, fatigue, coughing, hiccups, and muscle aches.
6. Heart disease affecting electrical system
The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported to the cells throughout our body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart causes a fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat. The electrical system within the heart is responsible for ensuring that the heart beats correctly so that blood can be transported throughout our the body. Any malfunction of the electrical system in the heart malfunction can cause a fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat.
Types of heart disease that affect the electrical system are known as arrhythmias. They can cause the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. These types of heart disease include:
a. Sinus tachycardia
Sinus tachycardia occurs when the sinus rhythm is faster than 100 beats per minute therefore it increases myocardial oxygen demand and reduces coronary blood flow, thus precipitating an ischemia heart or valvular disease.
b. Sinus bradycardia
Sinus bradycardia occurs when a decrease of cardiac output results in regular but unusually slow heart beat less than 60 beats per minute. Symptoms of sinus bradycardia includes a feeling of weightlessness of the head, dizziness, low blood pressure, vertigo, and syncope.
c. Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm that starts in the upper parts (atria) of the heart causing irregular beating between the atria and the lower parts (ventricles) of the heart. The lower parts may beat fast and without a regular rhythm. Symptoms of atrial fibrillation include dizziness, light-headedness, shortness of breath, chest pain and irregular heart beat.
d. Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter is an abnormal heart rhythm that occurs in the atria of the heart causing abnormalities and diseases of the heart. Symptoms of atrial flutter includes shortness of breath, chest pains, anxiety and palpitation.
e. Supraventricular tachycardia
Supraventricular tachycardia is described as rapid heart rate originating above the ventricles, or lower chambers of the heart causing a rapid pulse of 140-250 beats per minute. Symptoms of supraventricular tachycardia include palpitations, light-headedness, and chest pains.
f. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is described as an occasional rapid heart rate. Symptoms can come on suddenly and may go away without treatment. They can last a few minutes or 1-2 days.
g. Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia is described as a fast heart rhythm that originates in one of the ventricles of the heart . This is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia because it may lead to ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden death. Symptoms of ventricular tachycardia include light headedness, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath and chest pains.
h.Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation is a condition in which the heart’s electrical activity becomes disordered causing the heart’s lower chambers to contract in a rapid, unsynchronized way resulting in little heart pumps or no blood at all, resulting in death if left untreated after in 5 minutes.
There are many heart diseases affecting electrical system such as premature arterial contractions, wolf parkinson, etc.
7. Congenital heart disease
There are several heart diseases that people are born with. Congenital heart diseases are caused by a persistence in the fetal connection between arterial and venous circulation. Congenital heart diseases affect any part of the heart such as heart muscle, valves, and blood vessels. Congenital heart disease refers to a problem with the heart’s structure and function due to abnormal heart development before birth.Every year over 30,000 babies are born with some type of congenital heart defect in US alone. Congenital heart disease is responsible for more deaths in the first year of life than any other birth defects. Some congenital heart diseases can be treated with medication alone, while others require one or more surgeries.
The causes of congenital heart diseases of newborns at birth may be in result from poorly controlled blood sugar levels in women having diabetes during pregnancy, some hereditary factors that play a role in congenital heart disease, excessive intake of alcohol and side affects of some drugs during pregnancy.
Congenital heart disease is often divided into two types: cyanotic which is caused by a lack of oxygen and non-cyanotic.
A. Cyanotic
Cyanosis is a blue coloration of the skin due to a lack of oxygen generated in blood vessels near the skin surface. It occurs when the oxygen level in the arterial blood falls below 85-90%.
The below lists are the most common of cyanotic congenital heart diseases:
a)Tetralogy of fallot
Tetralogy of fallot is a condition of several congenital defects that occur when the heart does not develop normally. It is the most common cynaotic heart defect and a common cause of blue baby syndrome.
b)Transportation of the great vessels
Transportation of the great vessels is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Transposition of the great vessels is a congenital heart defect in which the 2 major vessels that carry blood away from the aorta and the pulmonary artery of the heart are switched. Symptoms of transportation of the great vessels include blueness of the skin, shortness of breath and poor feeding.
c)Tricuspid atresia
In tricuspid atresia there is no tricuspid valve so no blood can flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Symptoms of tricuspid atresia include blue tinge to the skin and lips, shortness of breath, slow growth and poor feeding.
d)Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is a rare congenital heart defect that causes cyanosis or blueness. Symptoms of total anomalous pulmonary venous return include poor feeding, poor growth, respiratory infections and blue skin.
e)Truncus arteriosus
Truncus arteriosus is characterized by a large ventricular septal defect over which a large, single great vessel arises. Symptoms of truncus arteriosus include blue coloring of the skin, poor feeding, poor growth and shortness of breath.
There are many more types of cyanotic such as ebstein’s anomaly, hypoplastic right heart, and hypoplastic left heart. If you need more information please consult with your doctor.
B. Non-cyanotic
Non-cyanotic heart defects are more common because of higher survival rates.
The below lists are the most common of non-cyanotic congenital heart diseases:
a)Ventricular septal defect
Ventricular septal defect is a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles of the heart causing right and left ventricles to work harder, pumping a greater volume of blood than they normally would in result of failure of the left ventricle. Symptoms of ventricular septal defect include very fast heartbeats, sweating, poor feeding, poor weight gain and pallor.
b)Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect is a hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of your heart causing freshly oxygenated blood to flow from the left upper chamber of the heart into the right upper chamber of the heart. Symptoms of atrial septal defect include shortness of breath, fatigue and heart palpitations or skipped beats.
c)Coarctation of aorta
Coarctation of aorta is a narrowing of the aorta between the upper-body artery branches and the branches to the lower body causing your heart to pump harder to force blood through the narrow part of your aorta. Symptoms of coarctation of aorta include pale skin, shortness of breath and heavy sweating.
There are many more types of non-cyanotic such as pulmonic stenosis, patent ductus arteriorus, and atrioventricular cana. These problems may occur alone or together. Most congenital heart diseases occur as an isolated defect and is not associated with other diseases.
8. OtherTypes of Heart Diseases
In this article, we will discuss other types of heart diseases that can affect any part of the heart including the following:
*A cardiac tumor can be either malignant or benign
A) Benign tumors
a. Myxoma
Myxoma is a cardiac benign tumor. It is the most common tumor inside of cavities of the heart and most of them occur in the left atrium of the heart obstructing the normal flow of blood within the chambers of the heart. Symptoms of Myxoma include paroxysmal dyspnea, weight loss, feverhemoptysis, lightheadedness and sudden death.
b. Rhabdomyomas
Most of rhabdomyomas occur in children or infants and are associated with tuberous sclerosis. It develops in the myocardium or the endocardium and accounts for about one out of every five tumors that originate in the heart causing obstruction of blood flow, valvular insufficiency, and cardiac arrhythmias. Symptoms of rhabdomyomas include palpitations, chest pains, shortness of breath, and nausea.
c. Fibromas
Fibromas develop in the myocardium or the endocardium. These tumors are composed of fibrous or connective tissue and tend to occur on the valves of the heart and may be related to inflammation. Other than seeing or feeling the fibroma, there are no usual symptoms.
d. Teratomas of the pericardium
It is often attached to the base of the great vessels, usually occuring in infants. They are rarer than cysts or lipomas, usually causes no symptoms.
B) Malignant tumors
Malignant tumors that originated elsewhere in the body and spread to the heart are more common than ones that originate in the heart. Malignant heart tumors can originate from any heart tissue. They occur mostly in children.
a. Angiosarcomas
Angiosarcomas account for about a third of all malignant heart tumors and usually start on the right side of the heart. The cause of angiosarcomas is usually unknown and symptoms of angiosarcomas differ according to the location of the tumour. Often symptoms of the disease are not apparent until the tumour is well advanced.
b. Fibrosarcomas
Fibrosarcomas occur as a soft-tissue mass or as a primary or secondary bone tumor. The 2 main types of fibrosarcoma of bone are
i) Primary fibrosarcoma is a fibroblastic malignancy that produces variable amounts of collagen
ii) Secondary fibrosarcoma of bone arises from a preexisting lesion or after radiotherapy to an area of bone or soft tissue. Symptoms of fibrosarcomas include broken bone, pain, swelling, lump found under skin or bone, frequent urination and urinary obstruction.
c. Rhabdomyosarcomas
Rhabdomyosarcomas are a cancer made up of cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles of the body and are also more common in children. They usually have some type of chromosome abnormality in the cells of the tumor, which are responsible for the tumor formation. Symptoms of rhabdomyosarcomas include bleeding from the nose, vagina, rectum, throat and tingling, numbness, and pain.
d.) Liposarcomas
Liposarcoma normally appears as a slowly enlarging, painless, nonulcerated submucosal mass in a middle-aged person. Symptoms include palpation, weakness, limitation of motion weight loss, fatigue, and lassitude.
*Sudden cardiac death
The victim may or may not have diagnosis of heart diseases, and the death is totally unexpected. Sudden cardiac death is a result from abrupt loss of heart function. The cause of sudden cardiac dealth might be a result of coronary heart disease.
* Hypertensive heart disease
Hypertensive heart disease are caused by high blood pressure that increases the work load of the heart. Overtime the muscles of the heart become thick in result of an enlarged left ventricle and decreased blood pump from the heart. Symptoms of heart failure include shortness of breath, swelling in the feet, ankles, or abdomen, fatigue, irregular pulse, nausea and frequent urination at night.
IV. Heart Diseases- Prevention and Treatment
There are many causes of heart disease. Anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease. Most heart diseases are preventable with a change of life style and healthy diet.
Unhealthy diet is a major cause of heart diseases resulting in the buildup of cholesterol and fat in the inner wall of arteries that narrows the arteries, impedes the circulation and eventually causes heart attacks.
1. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Diet
To prevent heart diseases, your daily diet should contain:
a) Fiber
Fiber can be soluble or insoluble. As we mentioned in a previous article, soluble fiber can lower your LDL and raise your HDL cholesterol while insoluble fiber has no effect on cholesterol but promotes regular bowel movements. The intake of fatty foods causes the liver to release bile into the intestines to break down the fat. The soluble fiber will help eliminate the bile instead of returning it to the blood resulting in reduced amounts of cholesterol in the blood.
b) Reduce intake of saturated fat and trans fat
We know that saturated and trans fat are toxins causing cholesterol to build up in the arteries damaging the arterial wall and narrows the arterial passage in result of poor circulation and oxygen transportation to our body in result of high blood pressure as the heart has to work harder than normal in order to provide enough nutrition to the body`s cells. Eventually, the heart will fail and result in heart diseases. It is recommended that you reduce the intake of animal fat and increase the intake of cold water fish which is the best sources of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids that can help your cholesterol levels as well as lowering your blood pressure.
c). Diet high in complex carbohydrates
Vegetables, fruits, some beans and grains contain high amounts of plant pigments known as flavonoids that provide healthy protection against heart diseases. Unfortunately study shows that diets high in complex carbohydrate may increase the release of too much insulin to respond to carbohydrates in the diet. The type and amount of carbohydrate foods may need individual monitoring. Please consult with your doctor if you wish to include high amounts of complex carbohydrates in your diet.
d). Drink half of your body weight of water or juices in ounces
If you weigh 160 pounds then you are require to drink 80 ounces of water or juices to prevent the cells in our body to become dehydrated. Maintaining normal function of our body’s cells is a healthy way to normalize high blood pressure.
2. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Foods
In order to lower the risk of heart diseases foods consumed in everyday diet become one of many important factors. Here are some foods that I have found can actually lower high blood pressure and levels of cholesterol resulting in lowering the risk of heart diseases
a) Fresh water algae
Fresh water algae contains chlorophyII-rich foods that is a powerful antioxidant for protection of build up of free radicals and restoring DNA of damaged cells. It also contains high amounts of Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids that can help to maintain normal blood pressure as well as cholesterol levels. Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids also inhibit blood clotting that causes the blockage of arteries and heart diseases.
b) Onions and garlic
Garlic and onions contain high amounts of sulfur compounds that not only help to improve circulation of blood but also help to keep your platelets from clumping together. Daily consumption of both garlic and onions help to keep blood pressure and cholesterol levels in healthy range. Be sure to talk to your doctor if you are taking any blood thinner medicines.
c) Nuts and seeds
Nuts and seeds contain high amounts of unsaturated fat and vitamin E. Unsaturated fat helps to prevent clots of arteries and lower cholesterol levels. Vitamin E, and the antioxidants beta varotene on the other hand stops bad cholesterol LDL from building up in the arteries, decreasing the risk of heart attacks.
d) Vegetables and fruits
Vegetable and fruits contain high amounts vitamins A, E, C and B. Vitamin E, the antioxidants beta carotene and vitamin C help to strengthen your small blood vessels and thins your blood so it can flow smoothly in result of lowering the risk of heart disease and strokes. Plums, tomatoes, and watercress are the best choices.
There are many more foods that can help to lower high blood pressure and cholesterol levels such as horsenut, grape juices, and apples. I hope this article will give you some ideas of choosing foods that help to restore your health and disease prevention.
3. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Nutritional Supplements
Heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure that contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. Beside foods and herbs, nutritional supplements also play an important role in preventing heart diseases and stroke. Here are some nutritional supplements which have proven record in treating heart diseases:
1. L-Arginine
L-Arginine helps to increase the production of nitric oxide in our body, this has an anti-angina and anti-stress effect upon the arteries enabling the muscles in the arterial walls to relax. L-Arginine also helps to prevent the build up of plaque on the arterial walls. L- Arginne taken either orally or intravenously has been found to prevent and reverse atherosclerosis, improving the functional status of heart failure and increasing blood flow in heart disease patients.
2. L- Carnitine
L-Carnitine working with vitamin E will help the body to recover quickly from fatigue. L-Carnitine helps the body convert fatty acids into energy, which is used primarily for muscular activities throughout the body. When working with vitamin E, L-carnitine will help the body to recover quickly from fatigue and combat heart diseases.
3. Lecithin
Lecithin supplies the body with needed inositol, choline and phosphatidyl choline that help to maintain healthy arteries. Lecithin also helps to reduce plaque in the arteries, lower blood pressure and ameliorate angina pectoris.
4. Niacin
Niacin a B3 vitamin, helps decreases blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides which may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Niacin can only be taken under medical supervision because of it’s side effects.
5. Selenium
Selenium deficiency will cause increase in high blood pressure.
6. Taurine
Taurine is an amino acid that acts as an antioxidant helping to fortify cardiac contraction and enhance the outflow of blood from the heart. Intake of taurine will reduce the risk of congestive heart failure and arteriosclerosis.
7. Calcium and potassium
Calcium and potassium deficiency may result in heart palpitation.
8. Magnesium
Magnesium helps to improve blood circulation by permitting the muscles in the arterial wall to rest.
9. Lutein
Lutein is one of the carotenoids, yellow and orange pigments found in many fruits and vegetables. Lutein supplementation has already been proven in helping prevent muscular degeneration, the most common cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly. Study shows that increased dietary intake of lutein may protect against the development of early atherosclerosis. It also helps explain why diets rich in fruits and vegetables are associated with reduced risk of heart diseases.
4. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Herbs
There are many causes of heart disease. Anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the Transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease. Besides aspirin, foods, and diet there are some herbs which have proven record and have been used over thousands of years in the history of mankind that would help to lower the risk of heart diseases as follow:
1. Flax seeds
Flax seeds contain high amounts of alpha-linoenic acid that helps to lower high blood pressure and the risk of stroke. Eating too much flax seeds will cause gas to build up if you are not used to it.
2. Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo biloba helps to to make blood less sticky and prevents blood clotting and stroke. Unlike aspirin, Ginkgo biloba will not cause upset stomach and internal bleeding. Also, Ginkgo biloba can improve blood circulation. Be sure not to take Ginkgo seeds because they are toxic and can cause seizures.
3. Cayenne
Cayenne stimulates blood flow, and strengthens the heart’s metabolism. It also helps to improve blood circulation as well as the digestive and immune systems. Cayenne contains high amounts of beta-carotene, cobalt, essential fatty acids, niacin and zinc that helps circulatory stimulation, blood purification, detoxification and fatigue.
4. Mistletoe
Mistletoe can stimulate the heartbeat and increase cardiac output. It can help to relieve heart strain, stimulate circulation, and lower blood pressure. Do not overdose and eat mistletoe berriea, because it is toxic.
5. Hawthorn berry
Hawthorn berry contains high amount of flavonoids that help to provide direct nourishment to the heart as well as dilate the coronary arteries.
6.Bugleweeds
Bugleweeds help to alleviate heart palpitation and high blood pressure. Study shows that bugleweeds act chiefly on the blood vessels, and is especially useful in plethoric and inflammatory states, particularly internal inflammations, and cardiac diseases.
7 Motherwort
Motherwort can be used in secure cardiac electrical rhythm. Be sure to talk to your doctor before taking motherwort supplements.
8. Tansy
Tansy is used to help heart palpitations and also helps to improve blood circulation.
Remember that herbs help to lower high blood pressure and cholesterol levels will also help to prevent heart diseases and stroke.
4. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Chinese Herbs
You might have heard that “taking an aspirin a day will keep your heart attacks away”. In fact Aspirin does help your heart, the salicyca acid in aspirin helps to keep blood cells from clumping together and sticking to the arterial wall. This reduces the risk of heart diseases. Besides aspirin, foods and herbs, in this article we will discuss what kinds of Chinese herbs traditional Chinese doctors use in treating heart diseases. Please note that Chinese medicines have been around for over 4,000 years well before the existence of western medicines.
Here are some Chinese herbs that have been used for treating heart diseases:
1. Nu zhen zi (privet fruit):
Nu zhen zi is the ying kidney and liver tonic that is the significant immune enhancement agent. Nu zhen zi also helps ying deficiency such as dizziness, floater, weak knee and enhancing heart blood.
2. Hong hua (safflower):
Hong hua is one of the Chinese herbs that have been used to break up blood stagnation and improve blood circulation. It is also used to unblock uterine stagnation.
3. Ru xiang (frankincense)
Ru xiang is used for thousand of years in treating joint pain, alleviating chest pain as well as breaking up blood stagnation and improving blood flow to the heart.
4. Mao yao (myzzh)
Mao yao contain elements that help to break up stagnation of blood resulting in improved blood circulation in our body.
5. Fu ling (poria)
Fu ling is a fungus that helps to enhance the immune system’s ability to fight off viruses. It is used in Chinese medication for heart calming and palpitation smoothing.
6. Yin yang hou horney (goat weed)
Goat weed helps to lower high blood pressure and heart calming.
7. Du zhong (rubber tree bark)
Du zhong is consider the primary herb used to increase the yang function in the body resulting in benefits of the heart.
There are many more Chinese herbs that can help to lower bad cholesterol levels and high blood pressure as well as preventing and curing heart diseases such as xian fu, wu wei zhi, and da zhao.
5. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease with Herbs
As we mentioned in the previous articles, heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure that contributes to hardening and thinning of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) builds up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. In this article, we will discuss other types of heart diseases that can affect any part of the heart including the following:
I. A cardiac tumor can be either malignant or benign
A) Benign tumors
1. Myxoma
Myxoma is a cardiac benign tumor. It is the most common tumor inside of cavities of the heart and most of them occur in the left atrium of the heart obstructing the normal flow of blood within the chambers of the heart. Symptoms of Myxoma include paroxysmal dyspnea, weight loss, feverhemoptysis, lightheadedness and sudden death.
2. Rhabdomyomas
Most of rhabdomyomas occur in children or infants and are associated with tuberous sclerosis. It develops in the myocardium or the endocardium and accounts for about one out of every five tumors that originate in the heart causing obstruction of blood flow, valvular insufficiency, and cardiac arrhythmias. Symptoms of rhabdomyomas include palpitations, chest pains, shortness of breath, and nausea.
3. Fibromas
Fibromas develop in the myocardium or the endocardium. These tumors are composed of fibrous or connective tissue and tend to occur on the valves of the heart and may be related to inflammation. Other than seeing or feeling the fibroma, there are no usual symptoms.
4. Teratomas of the pericardium
It is often attached to the base of the great vessels, usually occuring in infants. They are rarer than cysts or lipomas, usually causes no symptoms.
B) Malignant tumors
Malignant tumors that originated elsewhere in the body and spread to the heart are more common than ones that originate in the heart. Malignant heart tumors can originate from any heart tissue. They occur mostly in children.
1. Angiosarcomas
Angiosarcomas account for about a third of all malignant heart tumors and usually start on the right side of the heart. The cause of angiosarcomas is usually unknown and symptoms of angiosarcomas differ according to the location of the tumour. Often symptoms of the disease are not apparent until the tumour is well advanced.
2. Fibrosarcomas
Fibrosarcomas occur as a soft-tissue mass or as a primary or secondary bone tumor. The 2 main types of fibrosarcoma of bone are
a) Primary fibrosarcoma is a fibroblastic malignancy that produces variable amounts of collagen
b) Secondary fibrosarcoma of bone arises from a preexisting lesion or after radiotherapy to an area of bone or soft tissue. Symptoms of fibrosarcomas include broken bone, pain, swelling, lump found under skin or bone, frequent urination and urinary obstruction.
3. Rhabdomyosarcomas
Rhabdomyosarcomas are a cancer made up of cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles of the body and are also more common in children. They usually have some type of chromosome abnormality in the cells of the tumor, which are responsible for the tumor formation. Symptoms of rhabdomyosarcomas include bleeding from the nose, vagina, rectum, throat and tingling, numbness, and pain.
4.) Liposarcomas
Liposarcoma normally appears as a slowly enlarging, painless, nonulcerated submucosal mass in a middle-aged person. Symptoms include palpation, weakness, limitation of motion weight loss, fatigue, and lassitude.
II. Sudden cardiac death
The victim may or may not have diagnosis of heart diseases and the death is totally unexpected. Sudden cardiac death is a result from abrupt loss of heart function. The cause of sudden cardiac dealth might be a result of coronary heart disease.
III. Hypertensive heart disease
Hypertensive heart disease are caused by high blood pressure that increases the work load of the heart. Overtime the muscles of the heart become thick in result of an enlarged left ventricle and decreased blood pump from the heart. Symptoms of heart failure include shortness of breath, swelling in the feet, ankles, or abdomen, fatigue, irregular pulse, nausea and frequent urination at night.
6. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease – Aspirin: Friend or Foe ?
Besides cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. There are many causes of heart disease. Anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease. You might have heard “taking an Aspirin a day will keep your heart attacks away”. In fact, Aspirin does help your heart. the salicyca acid in aspirin helps to keep bloods cells from clumping together and sticking to the arterial wall. This reduces the risk of heart diseases. Here are some reasons to be cautious about aspirin therapy.
Before discussing the benefits and side effects of aspirin, there are some people who should not take aspirin. These include:
a. Allergies to ASA
b. last trimester of pregnancy
c. prone to bleeding
d. has an active peptic ulcer
e. taking blood thinner medication.
1. Aspirin indeed helps your blood from clotting. If you suffer any bleeding, taking aspirin will make bleeding harder to stop. Study show that aspirin might increase the bleeding complication. If you are taking any blood thinner medication or you have an ulcer, please consult with your doctor before taking aspirin. For people suffering from hemorrhages (this is the loss of blood from the circulatory system or internal bleeding taking aspirin) they would do more harm than good.
2. Aspirin increases the risk of bleeding and hemorrhagic strokes that are caused by blood vessels bursting in or around your brain. Therefore do not assume that taking an aspirin a day would do no harm. Please consult with with your doctor before starting aspirin therapy.
3. Study shows that aspirin does not work well with people with high cholesterol levels. People with cholesterol levels over 220 respond poorly to aspirin therapy. Therefore, if your cholesterol level is over 220 you might need to find some other therapy to lower the risk of heart diseases.
Aspirin also causes some side affects such as heartburn, indigestion and mild-to-moderate abdominal or stomach cramps.
7. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease- Fat : Friend Or Foe
As we discussed in previous articles, we know that heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. It is caused by uncontrolled diet that is high in saturated and trans fat resulting in arteries being clogged up by bad cholesterol LDL and the inner lining of blood vessels being damaged,impeding the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart. The general public has always had a misunderstanding of the meaning of the word “fat”. For them “fat” is bad for your health, causing things like heart diseases and making you overweight. In fact, fat plays an important role in your daily health, if you how to choose the right kind of fat to be included in your daily diets. In this article, we will discuss 4 types of fat and whether or not they are friend or foe.
1. Saturated fat
Saturated fats have a chemical makeup in which the carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen atoms. Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature. Eating saturated fats will increase both low density lipoprotein LDL (bad cholesterol) and high density lipoprotein (good cholesterol) levels. Therefore eating more saturated fat will cause cholesterol to clog up arteries. Limit your daily intake of no more than 7% calories will lessen the chance of heart disease. In fact saying that animal fats is the same as saturated fats is very misleading, as many animal fats are actually more than 50% unsaturated, and chicken fat is actually 70% unsaturated. Foods containing high saturated fat include meats, butter, whole milk, cheese, and coconut oil.
2. Trans fat
Trans fats are found naturally in some animal-based foods, but are also formed when liquid oils are made into semi-solid fats like shortening and hard margarine. Study shows that dietary saturated and trans fats can increase your risk of developing heart disease. Trans fats raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol, increasing the risk of heart diseases and stroke. Foods containing high amounts of trans fat include margarine and vegetable shortening.
3. Monounsaturated fat
Monounsaturated fat is the healthiest type of fat. It helps to lower the bad cholesterol LDL and increase good cholesterol HDL, in some cases cleanses the bad cholesterol in the arteries and blood vessels. Foods containing high amounts of monounsaturated fat include olive oil, peanut oil canola oil, and nuts.
4. Polyunsaturated fat
Polyunsaturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature and when chilled. Polyunsaturated fats can reduce both LDL and HDL cholesterol levels in your blood, lowering the risk of heart disease. Foods containing high amounts of polyunsaturated fat include vegetable oils, corn, and sunflower. Be aware that too much of polyunsaturated fat might increase the risk of cancer.
By replacing your daily consumption of saturated and trans fat with monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fat or eating less saturated and trans fat, you are ensuring yourself healthy cholesterol levels and blood pressure in result of lowering the risk of heart diseases and strokes.
7. Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease- Dairy Products: Friend Or Foe
As mentioned in the previous articles, we know that approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. It is caused by uncontrolled diets high in saturated and trans fat resulting in arteries being clogged up by bad cholesterol LDL and the inner lining of blood vessels being damaged impeding the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart. There are many opinions about pros and cons of dairy products in our diet. Would it also be the cause of cholesterol building up in the arteries, high blood pressure and heart diseases? In this article, we will discuss dairy products: friend or foe?
Diary products which contain lactose are products made from milk including cheese, yogurt, and butter that have been part of the human diet for years. They play an important role in a healthy diet, both for nutritional value and personal enjoyment but also contains elements that can cause cholesterol to build up in the arteries and high blood pressure resulting in heart diseases.
Study shows that milk drinkers are no more likely to die of a heart disease than non milk drinkers. In fact drinking less than 4 cups of milk a day actually lessens the chance of dying of any cause.
Since milk contains high saturated fat, by selecting skim or low fat milk it not only helps to lessen the chance of heart attack but also benefits from the nutritional supplements and minerals contained in milk.
Other dairy products that we would like to mention here are eggs. Eggs get a bad name for high cholesterol content. Study shows that eating one egg a day does not increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, unless you are diabetic. Eggs contain high amounts of B vitamins, vitamin A, D, and E that are vital for a healthy heart.
Besides milk and eggs, there are other dairy products such as cheese and butter. Statistics show that North Americans eat nearly 3 times more cheese than they did 30 years ago. Cheese contains high amounts of calcium but also high amounts in saturated fat which is the main cause of cholesterol build up in the arteries, and high blood pressure resulting in heart diseases and stroke. In fact if you can cut the amount of cheese and butter consumed daily by half and replace them with low fat cheese you will limit your risk of heart attack. For best protection, be sure to limit your cheese intake to less than 2 ounces a week.
By all means, choosing low fat and limiting your daily intake of dairy products will not only limit the risk of heart disease but also help your body to absorb the needed nutrition as result of better health.
8. Heart Diseases—How to Treat Heart Diseases with Chelation Therapy
As we mentioned in the previous articles, heart diseases are caused by uncontrolled diets high in saturated and trans fats resulting in arteries being clogged up by bad cholesterol LDL and the inner lining of blood vessels being damaged impeding the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart.
People with heart diseases using this type of therapy must be carefully selected and approved by their doctors. The prime candidate is people at their 40′s and people already suffering from advanced forms of heart disease such as angina and intermittent claudication, because the people in this age group will experience some form of heart disease caused by excessive cholesterol intake and build up of calcium, scar tissues and fat within the arteries.
This form of chelation therapy includes the usage of an IV apparatus and EDTA that is a widely used abbreviation for the chemical compound ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. EDTA, the chelation agent, not only helps to clean the harmful substances such as lead, uranium, nickel and calcium deposited in the arterial wall but also improves circulation, enhances the immune system and inhibits the creation of free radical. With the slow flow of EDTA from the bottle through the IV and finally into the patient’s vein and bloodstream results in turning back the clock for many potential heart disease victims. Chelation therapy is not only helpful as an attractive alternative to bypass surgery, but also has the ability to improve the function of the brain, since this form of therapy is especially helpful in treating arterial blockage in the upper body.
Other benefits of chelation therapy include: reduction of liver-produced cholesterol, lowered cholesterol levels, reducing high blood pressure, and fewer excessive heart contractions.
With all the success in chelation therapy, it also produces some side effects for some people such as headaches, diarrhea, fainting, fatigues, fever, and cramps. Be sure you understand all these problems before taking chelation therapy.
I hope this information will help. If you need more information of the above subject, please visit my home page at:
Kyle J. Norton
http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/
http://healtharticles-heartdiseases.blogspot.com/
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